Why is China building the world’s biggest dam?

中国为什么要建造世界上最大的水坝?

The Inquiry

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2025-01-28

23 分钟
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China has approved the construction of what will become the world’s largest hydropower dam in Tibet. Located in the lower reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo river, it could generate three times more energy than the Three Gorges Dam – also built by China - and currently the worlds’ biggest. This Inquiry examines how important hydropower is for China’s economy, whether it will meet its climate goals and whether this new dam is a “safe project that prioritises ecological protection” as China claims. We look at how it’ll be built, and why some in neighbouring countries have concerns. Presenter: Charmaine Cozier Producer: Vicky Carter Researcher: Katie Morgan Production Co-ordinator: Liam Morrey Technical producer: Craig Boardman Editor: Tara McDermott Contributors: Brian Eyler, Director of the Energy, Water and Sustainability Programme at the Stimson Center, Washington DC Neeraj Singh Manhas, special advisor for South Asia at the Parley Policy Initiative, South Korea & Subject Matter Expert at the Centre for Joint Warfare Studies, HQ IDS, Ministry of Defence, Government of India Prof Mark Zeitoun, Director General of the Geneva Water Hub and professor of Water Diplomacy at the Geneva Graduate Institute, Switzerland Prof Cecilia Tortajada, Social and Environmental Sustainability at the University of Glasgow, Adjunct senior research fellow Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, Singapore Image credit: China News Service via Getty Images
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  • Welcome to the inquiry.

  • I'm Charmaine cosier.

  • Each week, one question, four expert witnesses and an answer.

  • December 2024.

  • When it comes to dams, China has built more than any other country.

  • Now it officially approves plans to build what will be the most ambitious and biggest one in the world.

  • It will join its existing stock of hydropower dams, which use water as a source of renewable energy.

  • It will also accelerate China's ongoing efforts to move away from using fossil fuels like coal produce electricity.

  • The complex engineering project is many years away from completion.

  • However, its size and location is already generating unease.

  • So this week we're asking, why is China building the World's biggest dam?

  • Part 1 Super Dam.

  • So I'm really into dams and their designs.

  • I study study dams built all over the world, particularly those in China, say on upstream rivers that flow into other parts of the world.

  • I'm not necessarily opposed to this dam.

  • In fact, I think it's a really interesting design.